Contrary to what is stated in many source this image shows no comet. Judging from the inscription on the bottom it shows a phenomenom that was observed by Lubinietski on July 16, 1665, probably a disintegrating meteor. One can see the development of the phenomenom in the detail at the upper right.
Catalogue of Comet Discoveries
If you have any questions, please email me (maik@comethunter.de).